集電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)從字面上理解，這就是收(shou)集器(qi)。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)器(qi)件內，有時把(ba)用(yong)來(lai)收(shou)集電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)，例如受(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)束所投(tou)射的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)叫(jiao)做(zuo)集電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)（即集電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)）。在(zai)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)機內，則是將用(yong)來(lai)把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機內所產生的(de)(de)(de)交變電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)換為脈(mo)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，即變成方(fang)向恒定而大小(xiao)在(zai)變化著的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)裝置叫(jiao)做(zuo)集電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。

　　集電器是滑(hua)線(xian)系統中(zhong)主要的部件(jian)之一(yi)。

　　集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器是滑(hua)(hua)觸(chu)(chu)線系統中(zhong)集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)側(ce)拾(shi)取電(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)主要(yao)裝(zhuang)置，它通過集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)與(yu)導軌(gui)的(de)(de)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)接觸(chu)(chu)，將電(dian)(dian)(dian)能直接傳導至(zhi)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)器，從而實現系統的(de)(de)移動(dong)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)。集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器由機械結構的(de)(de)張力裝(zhuang)置和直接與(yu)導軌(gui)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)接觸(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)兩部分組成(cheng)。

　　機械(xie)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)張力裝置決定(ding)(ding)集電(dian)刷與導(dao)(dao)(dao)軌的(de)(de)滑動接(jie)觸壓力和機構(gou)的(de)(de)穩定(ding)(ding)性(xing)，集電(dian)刷則是導(dao)(dao)(dao)軌滑動接(jie)觸拾取(qu)電(dian)能的(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體，它的(de)(de)性(xing)能和導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)質量以(yi)及材(cai)料結(jie)構(gou)成分的(de)(de)優劣，將直接(jie)影(ying)響(xiang)整個系統(tong)設備的(de)(de)安全運行(xing)質量。