集電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)從字面上理解，這就(jiu)是收集器(qi)。在電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)器(qi)件內，有時(shi)把用來(lai)收集電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極，例如受(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)束(shu)所投射的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極叫做(zuo)集電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)（即集電(dian)(dian)(dian)極）。在發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機內，則是將用來(lai)把電(dian)(dian)(dian)機內所產生(sheng)的(de)(de)交變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)轉換為(wei)脈動電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，即變(bian)成方(fang)向恒定而大小在變(bian)化著的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)裝置叫做(zuo)集電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。

　　集(ji)電器(qi)是(shi)滑線系統(tong)中主要(yao)的(de)部件之一。

　　集(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)是滑觸線系(xi)統(tong)中集(ji)電(dian)(dian)側拾取電(dian)(dian)能的(de)主要裝置，它通(tong)過集(ji)電(dian)(dian)刷(shua)與導軌(gui)的(de)滑動接觸，將電(dian)(dian)能直(zhi)接傳(chuan)導至(zhi)用電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，從(cong)而實現系(xi)統(tong)的(de)移動供電(dian)(dian)。集(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)由機械結構的(de)張力裝置和直(zhi)接與導軌(gui)滑動接觸的(de)集(ji)電(dian)(dian)刷(shua)兩(liang)部分(fen)組成(cheng)。

　　機械結(jie)構(gou)(gou)的張力裝置決定(ding)集(ji)電(dian)刷(shua)與導(dao)軌的滑動接觸(chu)壓力和機構(gou)(gou)的穩定(ding)性，集(ji)電(dian)刷(shua)則是導(dao)軌滑動接觸(chu)拾取電(dian)能的導(dao)體，它的性能和導(dao)電(dian)質量(liang)(liang)以及材料結(jie)構(gou)(gou)成分的優劣(lie)，將直接影響整個(ge)系統(tong)設備的安全運行質量(liang)(liang)。