集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器從(cong)字面上理解，這就(jiu)是收集(ji)(ji)器。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)子器件內(nei)，有時把用來(lai)收集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)子的(de)電(dian)(dian)極，例如受電(dian)(dian)子束所(suo)投射的(de)電(dian)(dian)極叫做(zuo)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器（即集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)極）。在(zai)發電(dian)(dian)機內(nei)，則是將用來(lai)把電(dian)(dian)機內(nei)所(suo)產生的(de)交(jiao)變電(dian)(dian)流轉換為脈動電(dian)(dian)流，即變成方向恒定(ding)而大小(xiao)在(zai)變化著的(de)電(dian)(dian)流的(de)裝置(zhi)叫做(zuo)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器。

　　集電(dian)器是滑(hua)線系統中主要(yao)的部件(jian)之一。

　　集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)是滑(hua)觸線系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)側拾取電(dian)(dian)能(neng)的主要裝(zhuang)置，它通過集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)刷(shua)(shua)與(yu)導軌的滑(hua)動(dong)接觸，將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)直接傳導至(zhi)用電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，從而實現系(xi)統(tong)的移動(dong)供電(dian)(dian)。集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)由機械結構的張力裝(zhuang)置和直接與(yu)導軌滑(hua)動(dong)接觸的集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)刷(shua)(shua)兩部分組(zu)成(cheng)。

　　機械結構(gou)的張力裝置決定集(ji)電(dian)(dian)刷與導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)的滑(hua)動(dong)接(jie)觸(chu)壓力和(he)機構(gou)的穩(wen)定性(xing)，集(ji)電(dian)(dian)刷則是(shi)導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)滑(hua)動(dong)接(jie)觸(chu)拾取電(dian)(dian)能的導(dao)(dao)體，它的性(xing)能和(he)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)質量(liang)以及(ji)材(cai)料結構(gou)成分的優劣(lie)，將(jiang)直(zhi)接(jie)影響(xiang)整個(ge)系統設備(bei)的安全運行(xing)質量(liang)。