集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)從字面上理解，這就是收(shou)集(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)。在電(dian)(dian)(dian)子器(qi)(qi)件內，有時把用(yong)來收(shou)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)，例如(ru)受電(dian)(dian)(dian)子束所(suo)(suo)投(tou)射的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)叫(jiao)做(zuo)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)（即(ji)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)）。在發電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)內，則是將用(yong)來把電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)內所(suo)(suo)產生的(de)(de)交變電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)轉換(huan)為脈動電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，即(ji)變成方向恒定而大小在變化(hua)著(zhu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)裝置叫(jiao)做(zuo)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)。

　　集電(dian)器是(shi)滑線系(xi)統中(zhong)主要的部件之一。

　　集電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)是滑(hua)觸線系(xi)統(tong)(tong)中集電(dian)(dian)側(ce)拾(shi)取電(dian)(dian)能的主要裝置，它通過集電(dian)(dian)刷與導(dao)軌(gui)的滑(hua)動接(jie)觸，將電(dian)(dian)能直接(jie)傳導(dao)至(zhi)用電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，從(cong)而(er)實(shi)現系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的移(yi)動供電(dian)(dian)。集電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)由(you)機(ji)械結構的張(zhang)力裝置和直接(jie)與導(dao)軌(gui)滑(hua)動接(jie)觸的集電(dian)(dian)刷兩部分組成。

　　機械結構的(de)張力(li)(li)裝置決定(ding)集電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷與導軌的(de)滑動接(jie)觸壓力(li)(li)和機構的(de)穩定(ding)性，集電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷則是導軌滑動接(jie)觸拾取電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)導體，它的(de)性能(neng)和導電(dian)(dian)(dian)質(zhi)量以(yi)及材料結構成(cheng)分的(de)優劣，將(jiang)直接(jie)影響整個系統設備的(de)安全運行(xing)質(zhi)量。