集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)從字(zi)面上理解，這就是收(shou)集(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)件內，有時(shi)把用來收(shou)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)極，例如受電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)束所(suo)投射的電(dian)(dian)(dian)極叫做集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)（即集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極）。在(zai)(zai)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)機內，則(ze)是將用來把電(dian)(dian)(dian)機內所(suo)產生的交變電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)轉換為脈(mo)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，即變成方向(xiang)恒定而大小在(zai)(zai)變化著的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)的裝(zhuang)置叫做集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。

　　集電器是滑線系(xi)統中主要的部(bu)件之一。

　　集(ji)(ji)電(dian)器是滑觸(chu)線系統(tong)中集(ji)(ji)電(dian)側拾取(qu)電(dian)能的主要裝(zhuang)置，它通(tong)過集(ji)(ji)電(dian)刷與(yu)導(dao)軌的滑動接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)，將電(dian)能直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)傳導(dao)至用電(dian)器，從而實現系統(tong)的移動供電(dian)。集(ji)(ji)電(dian)器由機械(xie)結(jie)構的張力裝(zhuang)置和直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)與(yu)導(dao)軌滑動接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)的集(ji)(ji)電(dian)刷兩部分組成。

　　機(ji)械結(jie)構(gou)的(de)張力裝置決(jue)定(ding)集電刷(shua)與(yu)導軌的(de)滑(hua)動接(jie)觸壓力和機(ji)構(gou)的(de)穩(wen)定(ding)性，集電刷(shua)則是導軌滑(hua)動接(jie)觸拾取電能的(de)導體，它的(de)性能和導電質(zhi)量以(yi)及材料結(jie)構(gou)成分(fen)的(de)優劣，將(jiang)直接(jie)影(ying)響整個系統設備(bei)的(de)安全運(yun)行質(zhi)量。